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Java Programming Methods

What is Method?

A method is a set of code which is referred to by name and can be called (invoked) at any point in a program simply by utilizing the method's name.

Each method has its own name. When that name is encountered in a program, the execution of the program branches to the body of that method.

When the method is finished, execution returns to the area of the program code from which it was called, and the program continues on to the next line of code.

Types of Method

Built-in: Build-in methods are part of the compiler package, such as System.out.println() and System.exit(0).

User-defined: User-defined methods are created by you, the programmer. These methods take-on names that you assign to them and perform tasks that you create.

How to define a method?

The "{ }" region is called method body, and the statements placed inside method body is called logic.

Syntax

<Access specifier><return type><methodname>()
{
//Method body and logic
}

Example

public void add() { 
    int c=10+20;
    System.out.println(c);
 }

How to Pass parameters to Method?

The variables declared in method parenthesis "( )" are called parameters.

We can define method with 0 to n number of parameters.

The values passing to those parameters are called arguments.

In method invocation we must pass arguments according to the parameters order and type.

Syntax

<Access specifier><return type><methodname>(args1,args2….argsn){
//Method body and logic
}

Example

public void add(int a, int b) { 
 
  int c=a+b; 
  return c;
 }

How to assign return type to a Method?

The keyword that is placed before method name is called method return type.

It tells to compiler and JVM about the type of the value is returned from this method after its execution.

If nothing is return by method then we can use "void" keyword which specifies method returns nothing.

Syntax


<Access specifier><return type><methodname>(args1,args2….argsn)
{
//Method body and logic
}

Example

public int add(int a, int b) { 
 
  int c=a+b;  
  return c;
 }

How to call a Method?

For calling a method, We can use (.) operator.

Syntax

<classname><objectname>=new <classname>
<objectname>.<methodname><(args)>;

Example

   sample obj= new sample();
   obj.add(1,2);

Example

class sample{
public int add(int a, int b) { 
  int c=a+b; 
  return c;
   }
 public static void main(String args[]) { 
      sample obj= new sample();
      int x= obj.add(1,2); 
      System.out.println(x);
     }
}
Try it Yourself

Solve this!!

11347.What is the return type of a method that does not returns any value?
int
float
void
double
Explanation:
Return type of an method must be made void if it is not returning any value.
11348.What is the output of this program?
    class equality {
        int x;
        int y;
        boolean isequal(){
            return(x == y);  
        } 
    }    
    class Output {
        public static void main(String args[]){
            equality obj = new equality();
            obj.x = 5;
            obj.y = 5;
            System.out.println(obj.isequal());
        } 
    }
true
0
false
Error
11349.Which method can be defined only once in a program?
main method
finalize method
static method
private method
Explanation:
main() method can be defined only once in a program. Program execution begins from the main() method by java’s run time system.
11398.What is the output of this program?
    class Calculate {
        int width;
        int height;
        int length;
        int volume;
        void volume(int height, int length, int width) {
             volume = width*height*length;
        } 
    }    
    class Prameterized_method{
        public static void main(String args[])
        {
            Calculate obj = new Calculate();
            obj.height = 1;
            obj.length = 5;
            obj.width = 5;
            obj.volume(3,2,1);
            System.out.println(obj.volume);        
        } 
    }
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