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Previous Year Question Papers Previous Year Question Paper - 2018

44677.Double fertilization is
Fusion of two male gametes with one egg
Fusion of one male gamete with two polar nuclei
Fusion of two male gametes of a pollen tube with two different eggs
Syngamy and triple fusion
Explanation:

Double fertilization is a unique phenomenon that occur in angiosperms only. Syngamy + Triple fusion = Double fertilization
44678.What is the role of $NAD^{+}$ in cellular respiration?
It is a nucleotide source for ATP synthesis.
It functions as an electron carrier.
It functions as an enzyme.
It is the final electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration.
Explanation:

In cellular respiration, $NAD^{+}$ act as an electron carrier.
44679.In which of the following forms is iron absorbed by plants?
Free element
Ferrous
Ferric
Both ferric and ferrous
Explanation:

Iron is absorbed by plants in the form of ferric ions. (According to NCERT) *Plants absorb iron in both form i.e. $Fe^{++}$ and $Fe^{+++}$. (Preferably $Fe^{++}$)
44680.Which one of the following plants shows a very close relationship with a species of moth, where none of the two can complete its life cycle without the other?
Banana
Yucca
Hydrilla
Viola
Explanation:

Yucca have an obligate mutualism with a species of moth i.e. Pronuba.
44681.Pollen grains can be stored for several years in liquid nitrogen having a temperature of
–196°C
–80°C
–120°C
–160°C
Explanation:

Pollen grains can be stored for several years in liquid nitrogen at –196°C (Cryopreservation)
44682.Which of the following is commonly used as a vector for introducing a DNA fragment in human lymphocytes?
$\lambda$ phage
Ti plasmid
Retrovirus
pBR 322
Explanation:

Retrovirus is commonly used as vector for introducing a DNA fragment in human lymphocyte.
Gene therapy : Lymphocyte from blood of patient are grown in culture outside the body, a functional gene is introduced by using a retroviral vector, into these lymphocyte.
44683.Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its people is called
Biodegradation
Biopiracy
Bio-infringement
Bioexploitation
Explanation:

Biopiracy is term used for or refer to the use of bioresources by multinational companies and other organisation without proper authorisation from the countries and people concerned with compensatory payment (definition of biopiracy given in NCERT).
44684.In India, the organisation responsible for assessing the safety of introducing genetically modified organisms for public use is
Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM)
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC)
Explanation:

Indian Government has setup organisation such as GEAC (Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee) which will make decisions regarding the validity of GM research and safety of introducing GM-organism for public services. (Direct from NCERT).
44685.The correct order of steps in Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is
Denaturation, Extension, Annealing
Annealing, Extension, Denaturation
Extension, Denaturation, Annealing
Denaturation, Annealing, Extension
Explanation:

This technique is used for making multiple copies of gene (or DNA) of interest in vitro. Each cycle has three steps (i) Denaturation (ii) Primer annealing (iii) Extension of primer
44686.Select the correct match
T.H. Morgan - Transduction
$F^{2}$ × Recessive parent - Dihybrid cross
Ribozyme - Nucleic acid
G. Mendel - Transformation
Explanation:

Ribozyme is a catalytic RNA, which is nucleic acid.
44687.A ‘new’ variety of rice was patented by a foreign company, though such varieties have been present in India for a long time. This is related to
Lerma Rojo
Sharbati Sonora
Co-667
Basmati
Explanation:

In 1997, an American company got patent rights on Basmati rice through the US patent and trademark office that was actually been derived from Indian farmer’s varieties. The diversity of rice in India is one of the richest in the world, 27 documented varieties of Basmati are grown in India. Indian basmati was crossed with semi-dwarf varieties and claimed as an invention or a novelty. Sharbati Sonora and Lerma Rojo are varieties of wheat.
44688.Which of the following pairs is wrongly matched?
XO type sex : Grasshopper determination
ABO blood grouping : Co-dominance
Starch synthesis in pea : Multiple alleles
T.H. Morgan : Linkage
Explanation:

Starch synthesis in pea is controlled by pleiotropic gene. Other options (1, 2 & 4) are correctly matched.
44689.Select the correct statement
Spliceosomes take part in translation
Punnett square was developed by a British scientist
Franklin Stahl coined the term ‘‘linkage’’
Transduction was discovered by S. Altman
Explanation:

Punnett square was developed by a British geneticist, Reginald C. Punnett.
– Franklin Stahl proved semi-conservative mode of replication.
– Transduction was discovered by Zinder and Laderberg.
– Spliceosome formation is part of posttranscriptional change in Eukaryotes.
44690.The experimental proof for semiconservative replication of DNA was first shown in a
Plant
Bacterium
Fungus
Virus
Explanation:

Semi-conservative DNA replication was first shown in Bacterium Escherichia coli by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl.
44691.Which of the following flowers only once in its life-time?
Mango
Jackfruit
Bamboo species
Papaya
Explanation:

Bamboo species are monocarpic i.e., flower generally only once in its life-time after 50- 100 years. Jackfruit, papaya and mango are polycarpic i.e., produce flowers and fruits many times in their life-time.
44692.Offsets are produced by
Parthenocarpy
Mitotic divisions
Meiotic divisions
Parthenogenesis
Explanation:

Offset is a vegetative part of a plant, formed by mitosis.
– Meiotic divisions do not occur in somatic cells.
– Parthenogenesis is the formation of embryo from ovum or egg without fertilisation.
– Parthenocarpy is the fruit formed without fertilisation, (generally seedless)
44693.Select the correct match
Matthew Meselson - Pisum sativum and F. Stahl
Alfred Hershey and - TMV Martha Chase
Alec Jeffreys - Streptococcus pneumoniae
Francois Jacob and - Lac operon Jacques Monod
Explanation:

Francois Jacob and Jacque Monod proposed model of gene regulation known as operon model/lac operon.
– Alec Jeffreys – DNA fingerprinting technique.
– Matthew Meselson and F. Stahl – Semiconservative DNA replication in E. coli.
– Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase – Proved DNA as genetic material not protein
44694.Which of the following has proved helpful in preserving pollen as fossils?
Oil content
Cellulosic intine
Pollenkitt
Sporopollenin
Explanation:

Sporopollenin cannot be degraded by enzyme; strong acids and alkali, therefore it is helpful in preserving pollen as fossil.
Pollenkitt – Help in insect pollination.
Cellulosic Intine – Inner sporoderm layer of pollen grain known as intine made up cellulose & pectin.
Oil content – No role is pollen preservation.
44695.What does Natality refers to
Number of individuals leaving the habitat
Birth rate
Death rate
Number of individuals entering a habitat
Explanation:

Natality refers to birth rate.
• Death rate – Mortality
• Number of individual – Immigration entering a habitat is
• Number of individual – Emigration leaving the habital
44696.World Ozone Day is celebrated on
$16^{th}$ September
$21^{st}$ April
$5^{th}$ June
$22^{nd}$ April
Explanation:

World Ozone day is celebrated on $16^{th}$ September.
$5^{th}$ June - World Environment Day
$21^{st}$ April - National Yellow Bat Day
$22^{nd}$ April - National Earth Day
44697.Niche is
the range of temperature that the organism needs to live
the physical space where an organism lives
all the biological factors in the organisms environment
the functional role played by the organism where it lives
Explanation:

Ecological niche was termed by J. Grinnel. It refers the functional role played by the organism where it lives.
44698.In stratosphere, which of the following elements acts as a catalyst in degradation of ozone and release of molecular oxygen?
Fe
Cl
Carbon
Oxygen
Explanation:

UV rays act on CFCs, releasing Cl atoms, chlorine reacts with ozone in sequential method converting into oxygen Carbon, oxygen and Fe are not related to ozone layer depletion
44699.The two functional groups characteristic of sugars are
Carbonyl and phosphate
Carbonyl and methyl
Hydroxyl and methyl
Carbonyl and hydroxyl
Explanation:

Sugar is a common term used to denote carbohydrate. Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehyde, ketone or their derivatives, which means they have carbonyl and hydroxyl groups.
44700.Which among the following is not a prokaryote?
Nostoc
Mycobacterium
Saccharomyces
Oscillatoria
Explanation:

Saccharomyces i.e. yeast is an eukaryote (unicellular fungi) Mycobacterium – a bacterium Oscillatoria and Nostoc are cyanobacteria.
44701.The Golgi complex participates in
Respiration in bacteria
Formation of secretory vesicles
Fatty acid breakdown
Activation of amino acid
Explanation:

Golgi complex, after processing releases secretory vesicles from their trans-face.
44702.Which of the following is not a product of light reaction of photosynthesis?
NADPH
NADH
ATP
Oxygen
Explanation:

ATP, NADPH and oxygen are products of light reaction, while NADH is a product of respiration process.
44703.Stomatal movement is not affected by
$O_{2}$ concentration
Light
Temperature
$CO_{2}$ concentration
Explanation:

Light, temperature and concentration of $CO_{2}$ affect opening and closing of stomata while they are not affected by $O_{2}$ concentration.
44704.Which of the following is true for nucleolus?
It takes part in spindle formation
It is a membrane-bound structure
Larger nucleoli are present in dividing cells
It is a site for active ribosomal RNA synthesis
Explanation:

Nucleolus is a non membranous structure and is a site of r-RNA synthesis.
44705.The stage during which separation of the paired homologous chromosomes begins is
Diakinesis
Diplotene
Pachytene
Zygotene
Explanation:

Synaptonemal complex disintegrates. Terminalisation begins at diplotene stage i.e. chiasmata start to shift towards end.
44706.Plants having little or no secondary growth are
Conifers
Deciduous angiosperms
Grasses
Cycads
Explanation:

Grasses are monocots and monocots usually do not have secondary growth. Palm like monocots have anomalous secondary growth.
44707.Secondary xylem and phloem in dicot stem are produced by
Phellogen
Vascular cambium
Apical meristems
Axillary meristems
Explanation:

• Vascular cambium is partially secondary
• Form secondary xylem towards its inside and secondary phloem towards outsides.
• 4 – 10 times more secondary xylem is produced than secondary phloem.
44708.Casparian strips occur in
Cortex
Pericycle
Epidermis
Endodermis
Explanation:

• Endodermis have casparian strip on radial and inner tangential wall.
• It is suberin rich.
44709.Pneumatophores occur in
Carnivorous plants
Free-floating hydrophytes
Halophytes
Submerged hydrophytes
Explanation:

• Halophytes like mangrooves have pneumatophores.
• Apogeotropic (–vely geotropic) roots having lenticels called pneumathodes to uptake O_{2}
44710.Which of the following statements is correct?
Horsetails are gymnosperms
Selaginella is heterosporous, while Salvinia is homosporous
Ovules are not enclosed by ovary wall in gymnosperms
Stems are usually unbranched in both Cycas and Cedrus
Explanation:

• Gymnosperms have naked ovule.
• Called phanerogams without womb/ovary
44711.Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column IColumn II
a. Herbarium(i) It is a place having a collection of preserved plants and animals
b. Key(ii) A list that enumerates methodically all the species found in an area with brief description aiding identification
c. Museum(iii) Is a place where dried and pressed plant specimens mounted on sheets are kept
d. Catalogue(iv) A booklet containing a list of characters and their alternates which are helpful in identification of various taxa.

a b c d
(ii) (iv) (iii) (i)
(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
(i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
Explanation:

• Herbarium– Dried and pressed plant specimen
• Key– Identification of various taxa
• Museum– Plant and animal specimen are preserved
• Catalogue– Alphabetical listing of species

44712.Oxygen is not produced during photosynthesis by
Cycas
Nostoc
Green sulphur bacteria
Chara
Explanation:

Green sulphur bacteria do not use $H_{2}O$ as source of proton, therefore they do not evolve $O_{2}$.
44713.Which of the following elements is responsible for maintaining turgor in cells?
Potassium
Sodium
Magnesium
Calcium
Explanation:

Potassium helps in maintaining turgidity of cells.
44714.Which of the following is a secondary pollutant?
$SO_{2}$
$CO_{2}$
CO
$O_{3}$
Explanation:

$O_{3}$ (ozone) is a secondary pollutant. These are formed by the reaction of primary pollutant.
CO – Quantitative pollutant
$CO_{2}$ – Primary pollutant
$SO{2}$ – Primary pollutant
44715.What type of ecological pyramid would be obtained with the following data?
Secondary consumer : 120 g
Primary consumer : 60 g
Primary producer : 10 g
Upright pyramid of numbers
Pyramid of energy
Inverted pyramid of biomass
Upright pyramid of biomass
Explanation:

• The given data depicts the inverted pyramid of biomass, usually found in aquatic ecosystem.
• Pyramid of energy is always upright
• Upright pyramid of biomass and numbers are not possible, as the data depicts primary producer is less than primary consumer and this is less than secondary consumers.
44716.Stomata in grass leaf are
Rectangular
Kidney shaped
Dumb-bell shaped
Barrel shaped
Explanation:

Grass being a monocot, has Dumb-bell shaped stomata in their leaves.
44717.Sweet potato is a modified
Tap root
Adventitious root
Stem
Rhizome
Explanation:

Sweet potato is a modified adventitious root for storage of food
• Rhizomes are underground modified stem
• Tap root is primary root directly elongated from the redicle
44718.Select the wrong statement :
Pseudopodia are locomotory and feeding structures in Sporozoans
Mushrooms belong to Basidiomycetes
Cell wall is present in members of Fungi and Plantae
Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell in all kingdoms except Monera
Explanation:

Pseudopodia are locomotory structures in sarcodines (Amoeboid)
44719.After karyogamy followed by meiosis, spores are produced exogenously in
Agaricus
Alternaria
Neurospora
Saccharomyces
Explanation:

In Agaricus (a genus of basidiomycetes), basidiospores or meiospores are produced exogenously.
• Neurospora (a genus of ascomycetes) produces ascospores as meiospores but endogenously inside the ascus.)
• Alternaria (a genus of deuteromycetes) does not produce sexual spores.
• Saccharomyces (Unicellular ascomycetes) produces ascospores, endogenously.
44720.Winged pollen grains are present in
Mango
Cycas
Mustard
Pinus
Explanation:

In Pinus, winged pollen grains are present. It is extended outer exine on two lateral sides to form the wings of pollen. It is the characteristic feature, only in Pinus. Pollen grains of Mustard, Cycas & Mango are not winged shaped.
44721.Which one is wrongly matched?
Gemma cups – Marchantia
Biflagellate zoospores – Brown algae
Uniflagellate gametes – Polysiphonia
Unicellular organism – Chlorella
Explanation:

• Polysiphonia is a genus of red algae, where asexual spores and gametes are non-motile or non-flagellated.
• Other options (1, 2 & 4) are correctly matched
44722.Which of the following options correctly represents the lung conditions in asthma and emphysema, respectively?
Increased respiratory surface; Inflammation of bronchioles
Increased number of bronchioles; Increased respiratory surface
Inflammation of bronchioles; Decreased respiratory surface
Decreased respiratory surface; Inflammation of bronchioles
Explanation:

Asthma is a difficulty in breathing causing wheezing due to inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles. Emphysema is a chronic disorder in which alveolar walls are damaged due to which respiratory surface is decreased.
44723.Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below :
Column IColumn II
a. Tricuspid valvei. Between left atrium and left ventricle
b. Bicuspid valveii. Between right ventricle and pulmonary artery
c. Semilunar valveiii. Between right atrium and right ventricle

a b c
i ii iii
i iii ii
iii i ii
ii i iii
Explanation:

Tricuspid valves are AV valve present between right atrium and right ventricle.
Bicuspid valves are AV valve present between left atrium and left ventricle.
Semilunar valves are present at the openings of aortic and pulmonary aorta.
44724.Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below:
Column IColumn II
a. Tidal volumei. 2500 – 3000 mL
b. Inspiratory Reserve volumeii. 1100 – 1200 mL
c. Expiratory Reserve volumeiii.500 – 550 mL
d. Residual volumeiv. 1000 – 1100 mL

a b c d
i iv ii iii
iii i iv ii
iii ii i iv
iv iii ii i
Explanation:

Tidal volume is volume of air inspired or expired during normal respiration. It is approximately 500 mL.
Inspiratory reserve volume is additional volume of air a person can inspire by a forceful inspiration. It is around 2500 – 3000 mL.
Expiratory reserve volume is additional volume of air a person can be expired by a forceful expiration. This averages 1000 – 1100 mL.
Residual volume is volume of air remaining in lungs even after forceful expiration. This averages 1100 – 1200 mL.
44725.The transparent lens in the human eye is held in its place by
smooth muscles attached to the iris
ligaments attached to the iris
ligaments attached to the ciliary body
smooth muscles attached to the ciliary body
Explanation:

Lens in the human eye is held in its place by suspensory ligaments attached to the ciliary body.
44726.Which of the following is an amino acid derived hormone?
Estradiol
Ecdysone
Epinephrine
Estriol
Explanation:

Epinephrine is derived from tyrosine amino acid by the removal of carboxyl group. It is a catecholamine.
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