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Science QA CBSE 10th Maths Previous Year Basic QP

Question 1.(a) In an AP, if a = 50, d = -4 and Sn = 0, then find the value of n.
Solution:

Given:
a=50, d= -4 and Sn = 0

Find: 
value of n

Sn= $\dfrac{n}{2}[2a+(n-1)d] $= 0

[2(50)+(n-1)(-4)]=0 $\times \dfrac{2}{n}$

[100+(n-1)(-4)] = 0

(n-1)(-4) = -100

(n-1) = $\dfrac{-100}{-4}$

(n-1) =25

n = 25+1

n= 26

Question 1.(or) (b) Find the sum of the first twelve 2-digit multiples of 7, using an AP.
Solution:

Given:
a= 14, d = 7, n= 12

Sn= $\dfrac{n}{2}[2a+(n-1)d] $

$S_{12} = \dfrac{12}{2}[2(14)+(12-1)7] $

=6 [28+11$\times$7]

=6 [28+77] = 6 [105]

$S_{12}$ =630

Question 2 A solid metallic sphere of radius 3 cm is melted and recast into the shape of a solid cylinder of radius 2 cm. Find the height of the cylinder.
Solution:

Given

Radius of Sphere = 3 cm

Radius of cylinder =  2 cm

Volume of sphere   = Volume of cylinder 

$\dfrac{4}{3} \times \pi \times r^3 = \pi × r^2 \times h $

$\dfrac{4}{3} \times \pi \times 3 \times 3 \times3  = \pi \times 2 \times 2 \times h$

⇒ h=9 cm

Question 3. (a) Find the nature of the roots of the quadratic equation $x^2-5x + 9 = 0.$
Solution:

Given:

quadratic equation $x^2-5x + 9 = 0$

The general form of the above equation is

$ax^2 + bx + c = 0$

a= 1, b=(-5), c= 9

The roots are founded on determining the discriminant value.

The formula to find the discriminant is ∆ = $b^{2}-4ac$

∆ = $(-5)^{2}-4(1)(9)$

∆ = 25-36

∆ = -11 < 0

Therefore , equation has no real roots.


Question 3. (or)(b) Write a quadratic equation with roots -3 and 5.
Solution:

Given:

$\alpha = -3$

 $\beta = 5$

$(x-\alpha)\times (x-\beta) = 0$ 

$(x+3)\times(x-5) = 0$ 

$x^{2}-5x+3x-15 = 0$ 

$x^{2}-2x-15 = 0$

Question 4
Class0-2020-4040-6060-8080-100
Frequency871253
Solution:

Given:

l = 40

h = 20

$f_0$ = 7

$f_1$ = 12

$f_2$ = 5

mode =$ l+(\dfrac{(f_1-f_0)}{(2f_1-f_0-f_2)})\times h$

mode =$ 40+(\dfrac{(12-7)}{(2(12)-7-5)})\times 20$

mode =$ 40+(\dfrac{5}{12})\times 20$

mode =40+8.3

mode =48.3

Question 5 Solve the quadratic equation $2x^2-5-1 = 0$ for x.
Solution:

Given :

a = 2

b = -5

c = -1

Quadratic Equation =$ ax^{2}+bx=c $

x = $ \dfrac{-b \pm\sqrt{b^{2}-4ac}}{2a} $

x =$ \dfrac{-(-5) \pm\sqrt{(-5)^{2}-(4\times2\times(-1))}}{2\times2} $

x = $\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{25+8}}{4} $

x = $\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{33}}{4}$

x =$\dfrac{5+\sqrt{33}}{4}$, $\dfrac{5-\sqrt{33}}{4}$

Question 6 In Figure 1, if tangents PA and PB drawn from a point P to a circle with centre O, are inclined to each other at an angle of $70^o$ , then find the measure of $\angle POA.$
Solution:

PA = PB (equal tangente)

In $ \triangle AOP \: and \: \triangle BOP,$

PA = PB (equal tangents)

OP = OP (common)

OA=OB (r)

SSS criterian,$ \angle AOP \cong \angle ABOP$

by Corresponding parts of Congruent Triangle,

$ \angle APO = \angle BPO $

$ \angle APO = \dfrac{1}{2} \angle APB $

$ \angle APO = \dfrac{1}{2}\times 70 = 35^o $

$ \angle PAO = \angle PBO = 90 $

$ in \triangle OAP$,

$ \angle OAP + \angle APO + \angle POA = 180^o $

$ 90^o + 35^o + \angle POA = 180^o $

$\angle POA = 55 ^o $

SECTION B
Question numbers 7 to 10 carry 3 marks each

Question 7
The frequency distribution given below shows the weight of 40 students of a class. Find the median weight of the students

Weight (in kg)Number of Students
40-459
45-505
50-558
55-609
60656
65-703
Solution:
Weight (in kg)Number of StudentsC.f
40 - 4599
45 - 50514
50 - 55822
55 - 60931
60 - 65637
65 -70340

n = 40

$\dfrac{n}{2}=\dfrac{40}{2} = 20$

from the table cf just greater than 20 is 22

h = 5

l = 50

f = 8

cf = 14

median weight of the students = = l+$ (\dfrac{\dfrac{n}{2}-cf}{f}) h$

= 50 + $(\dfrac{20-14}{8}) \times 5$

= 50 + $(\dfrac{6\times5}{8})$

= 50 + 3.75

= 53.75

Question 8. (a) Draw a circle of radius 4 cm. Construct a pair of tangents to the circle from a point 6 cm away from its centre.
Solution:

Steps:

1. Draw a circle of radius (r) = 4 cm.

2. Mark a from the centre at a distance of 6 cm from the pount 0.

3. Draw a perpendicular bisector of OP

4.Taking Q as a center and radius OP/PQ , Draw a circle to intrsect the given circle at T and T'

5. Joint PT and PT'

PT and PT' are the required tangents

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